
2014-03-10 | 000-004-885 DE-DE
SCHAEFFLER AG, BARCELONA/SCHWEINFURT
Schaeffler auf der EWEA 2014 in Halle 6, Stand 6C50
Innovative Technologien gegen White Etching Cracks
Das Wachstum der Windkraftanlagen hin zu Multi-Megawatt-Kraftwerken f hrt zu h heren Kr ften und Momenten, die die Komponenten immer st rker belasten. Gleichzeitig verursachen Stillstandzeiten und Wartungsarbeiten insbesondere bei Offshore-Anlagen immer h here Kosten. Zuverl ssigen Komponenten kommt daher eine Schl sselrolle zu.
Ein Ph nomen, das die Zuverl ssigkeit von Lagern, auch au erhalb der Windindustrie, negativ beeinflusst, sind die so genannten White Etching Cracks (WEC). WEC sind Gef gever nderungen im Werkstoff, die sich unterhalb der Lageroberfl che bilden. Als Folge entwickeln sich unter Einfluss verschiedener u erer Belastungen Risse, die sich unter Beanspruchung bis zur Oberfl che ausbreiten. In der Folge kann es schlie lich zu einem Rei en des Innen- oder Au enrings und somit zu einem vorzeitigen Ausfall des betroffenen Lagers kommen. Diese Risse treten sowohl in durch- als auch in einsatzgeh rteten W lzlagern auf. Innovative Technologien von Schaeffler helfen dabei, die Widerstandf higkeit von Lagern gegen ber White Etching Cracks zu steigern und fr hzeitige Lagerausf lle zu verhindern.
Einfl sse, die sich auf eine Bauteilerm dung auswirken k nnen, wie beispielsweise Fl chenpressung, unzureichende Stahlreinheit oder berlast, lassen sich auf das Auftreten von WEC nicht bertragen. So sind Ursachen f r die Entstehung von WEC nach heutigem Wissensstand noch nicht vollst ndig nachvollziehbar. Jedoch ist wissenschaftlich belegt, dass Zusatzbeanspruchungen in Form von Dynamik, Mischreibung oder Elektrik die Entstehung von WEC beg nstigen. Schaeffler verf gt ber umfassende Pr fm glichkeiten, um diese Einfl sse zu bewerten und L sungskonzepte zur Senkung des WEC-Risikos zu entwickeln.
Insgesamt l sst sich festhalten, dass sich das WEC-Risiko durch die Lagerauslegung und die Schmierstoff- oder Werkstoffwahl eind mmen l sst. Durch die optimale Auslegung kann die Beanspruchung des Lagers vermindert werden, durch Abstimmung der Schmier- und Konservierungskonzepte und die Wahl des optimalen Werkstoffs wiederum kann das Lager h her belastet werden.
Dar ber hinaus bietet Schaeffler verschiedene Technologien an, um Lagerungen gegen ber White Etching Cracks widerstandsf higer zu machen und sie vor einem fr hzeitigem Ausfall zu sch tzen. Durch den Einsatz des hochchromhaltigen Spezialstahls Cronidur kann die Entstehung von WEC nach heutigem Kenntnisstand vollkommen ausgeschlossen werden. So ist bisher kein WEC-Fall mit Cronidur-Lagern bekannt. Auch gem eines eigens von Schaeffler durchgef hrten Pr fprogramms zur Ermittlung individueller L sungen je nach Anwendungsfall und Zusatzbeanspruchung sind beim Einsatz von Cronidur keine WEC aufgetreten.
Dass das Br nieren von Au en- und Innenringen sowie der Rollen das Auftreten von White Etching Cracks signifikant reduziert, ist statistisch belegt. Das Schichtsystem Durotect B, eine konsequente Weiterentwicklung konventioneller Br nierschichten, verf gt ber ein gesteigertes Leistungsverm gen. Es vermindert die Gefahr von Schlupfsch den, verbessert das Einlaufverhalten, bietet Schutz vor Korrosion und nicht zuletzt erh hte Robustheit gegen ber WEC. So traten bei 50.000 mit Durotect B beschichteten Lagern, die innerhalb der letzten f nf Jahre von Schaeffler f r den Einsatz in Windkraftanlagen produziert und geliefert wurden, WEC nur bei weniger als zwanzig Lagern auf. Das entspricht einer Ausfallquote kleiner 0,04 %.
Die Experten des Kompetenzzentrums Oberfl chentechnik bei Schaeffler haben dank kontinuierlicher Optimierung ein ideales Schichtsystem f r eine effiziente Reduktion von WEC-Sch den entwickelt. So empfiehlt Schaeffler seinen Kunden beispielsweise Getriebelagerungen generell in Durotect B-Ausf hrung.
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