
2015-08-14 | 000-006-008 DE-DE
FAG AEROSPACE, SCHWEINFURT
FAG Aerospace knackt die Vier-Millionen-Drehzahlgrenze bei Triebwerks-kugellagern
Technologiesprung f r effizientere Triebwerke
FAG Aerospace, ein Unternehmen der Schaeffler Gruppe, hat mit einem neuartigen Triebwerkskugellager die bisherigen Leistungsgrenzen f r schnelldrehende Triebwerkshauptwellen-Lagerungen neu definiert. Im Rahmen des vom Bundesministerium f r Wirtschaft und Energie gef rderten Luftfahrtforschungsprogramms (LuFo) ist es FAG Aerospace im Verbundvorhaben Effektives lsystem gelungen, ein neuartiges Triebwerkskugellager zu konstruieren, das erstmals den Drehzahlkennwert von vier Millionen Millimeter pro Minute berschreitet. Dabei kommt das Lager mit geringsten K hl lmengen aus. Das neue Lager stellt einen bedeutenden Technologiesprung zur Entwicklung effizienterer Triebwerke dar und k nnte den Verbrauch der weltweiten Passagier-Flugzeugflotte j hrlich um bis zu 200.000 Tonnen Treibstoff verringern.
Das von FAG Aerospace entwickelte Kugellager wurde auf dem Schaeffler-Pr fstand validiert. Dabei wurden die Anforderungen an das Pr fprogramm, d.h. der simulierte Flugzyklus, in enger Zusammenarbeit mit dem Kooperationspartner MTU Aero Engines abgestimmt. Unter Zuf hrung der gleichen lmengen wie f r konventionelle Lager, erm glicht die neue K hlkonstruktion ein gezieltes Einstellen der maximal zul ssigen Ringtemperaturen. Das bedeutet einerseits, dass um nahezu 70 Prozent h here Drehzahlkennwerte bei gleicher Lagertemperatur und lmenge erzielt werden und so der Einsatz vorhandener Werkstoffe und K hl le trotz h herer Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten m glich ist. Andererseits werden bei gleichen Drehzahlkennwerten und reduzierten K hl lmengen um bis zu 25 Grad Celsius niedrigere Lagertemperaturen und um bis zu 25 Prozent niedrigere Lagerverlustleistungen erreicht. Damit steigen Effizienz und Zuverl ssigkeit der Lagerung.
Das neuartige Triebwerkskugellager zeichnet sich au erdem durch eine integrierte ld mpfung von Vibrationslasten aus. Dar ber hinaus erh hen die leistungsgesteigerten Duplex-geh rteten Laufbahnen die Robustheit, Beanspruchbarkeit und Verschlei festigkeit und vermindern gleichzeitig die W lzkontaktbeanspruchung. Die gesteigerte Effizienz und Zuverl ssigkeit des neuen Kugellagers ist neben der direkten Au enringk hlung auch den Keramikkugeln zu verdanken, mit denen sich Reibung und Gewicht verringern lassen.
W lzlager in Luftfahrtanwendungen m ssen selbst bei kritischsten Betriebsbedingungen mit h chster Zuverl ssigkeit arbeiten. In der Startphase, dem sogenannten Take-Off , werden bei dem untersuchten Triebwerkslager heute Drehzahlkennwerte bis 2,4 Millionen Millimeter pro Minute erreicht. Um jedoch auch in Zukunft den Anforderungen der Fluggesellschaften sowie den durch die Politik gesteckten Zielen des Umwelt- und Klimaschutzes gerecht zu werden, ist in den kommenden 20 Jahren eine weitere Steigerung des mechanischen und thermischen Wirkungsgrades von Flugtriebwerken notwendig. Immer gr ere Drehzahlkennwerte und h here thermische Belastungen sind die Konsequenz f r die Lager. Und das verlangt nach neuartigen Werkstoffen, K hlkonstruktionen, Fertigungs- und W rmebehandlungsverfahren sowie Berechnungs- und Simulationsmethoden.
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