TSRI receives $10 million grant to study effects of alcohol on the brain

TSRI receives $10 million grant to study effects of alcohol on the brain LA JOLLA, CA Feb. 6, 2018 The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) has awarded scientists at The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) a $10 million grant to study how long-term alcohol use changes basic mechanisms of brain function. The researchers will then investigate how novel medications derived from this work may reverse those changes to treat alcohol addiction.

The five-year grant will support five individual research projects and three core resources at the TSRI Alcohol Research Center (TSRI-ARC), and will be led by Barbara Mason, PhD, the Pearson Family Chair and center director of TSRI-ARC. Together, the projects involving molecular pharmacology, neurochemistry, electrophysiology, neurocircuitry and clinical studies aim to better understand what happens in the brain during the extended withdrawal phase a person goes through when they stop drinking, and to develop ways to treat that phase and prevent relapse.

After someone with alcohol use disorder stops drinking and undergoes acute withdrawal, there's then a protracted withdrawal phase that's characterized by activation of stress systems in the brain and symptoms of negative affect such as anxiety, dysphoria, and irritability, says Mason. These symptoms ultimately drive craving and relapse, and we want to stop that cycle.

Nearly 16 million Americans have alcohol use disorder, a chronic disease characterized by compulsive alcohol consumption, loss of control over alcohol intake and a negative emotional state when not using. Around 80 percent of those who seek treatment for their alcohol use will relapse within a year. Animal models have hinted that reversing some of the changes in the brain caused by long-term alcohol use can prevent relapse. Mason and her colleagues want to probe that observation in more molecular detail and help translate it to humans.

There hasn't been a new pharmacological treatment for alcohol dependence in decades, says Mason. We want to change that and help facilitate a return to homeostasis in the brains of people with alcohol use disorder.

Mason's research has already revealed that when someone with alcohol use disorder stops drinking, their brain releases stress neuropeptides molecules that turn on stress pathways in the brain. They've also homed in on the extended amygdala an area of the brain involved in mediating emotional behaviors as helping mediate the interactions between stress and addiction.

Resources at TSRI-ARC are available to not only TSRI scientists, but researchers throughout the region. The new grant includes funds to help facilitate outreach to the community about alcohol use disorder. Scientists will share their results as well as information on addiction resources through lectures and events at high schools, senior citizen centers and other public venues.

The other TSRI project leaders supported by the grant are Marisa Roberto, PhD, scientific director of the TSRI-ARC and principal investigator of the Electrophysiology Component; Candice Content, PhD, principal investigator of the Molecular Component; Remi Martin-Fardon, PhD, principal investigator of the Neurochemistry Component; Olivier George, PhD, principal investigator with Eric Zorilla, PhD, of the Neurocircuitry Component and co-director of the ARC Scientific Services Core; and Amanda Roberts, PhD, principal investigator of the Information Dissemination Core and co-director of the ARC Scientific Services Core. Barbara Mason, center director, is also principal investigator of the Clinical Component.

The number of the grant is 2P60AA006420-35.

About The Scripps Research Institute

The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) is one of the worlds largest independent, not-for-profit organizations focusing on research in the biomedical sciences. TSRI is internationally recognized for its contributions to science and health, including its role in laying the foundation for new treatments for cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, hemophilia, and other diseases. An institution that evolved from the Scripps Metabolic Clinic founded by philanthropist Ellen Browning Scripps in 1924, the institute now employs more than 2,500 people on its campuses in La Jolla, CA, and Jupiter, FL, where its renowned scientists including two Nobel laureates and 20 members of the National Academies of Science, Engineering or Medicine work toward their next discoveries. The institutes graduate program, which awards PhD degrees in biology and chemistry, ranks among the top ten of its kind in the nation. In October 2016, TSRI announced a strategic affiliation with the California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr), representing a renewed commitment to the discovery and development of new medicines to address unmet medical needs. For more information, see www.scripps.edu.

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