Cross-bred flies reveal new clues about how proteins are regulated Scientists are finding new clues about how proteins interact with each other
February 21, 2018
LA JOLLA, CA Feb. 21, 2018 Proteins are the go-getters of a cell. They carry out all the jobs that are required for cells to grow, reproduce and perform other duties. But genes carry instructions for far more proteins than are present in a cell at any one time. Therefore, it's useful for researchers to know the set of proteins present, or the proteome, in a cell or tissue at a given time and under certain conditions. Understanding the size limits of a proteome and a cell's tolerance for protein diversity is critical for determining how organisms evolve.
Now, a team from The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) has revealed that by crossing two species of flies, they can use what they learn from the proteome of the hybrid offspring to find new clues about how proteins interact with each other and under which circumstances additional proteins are tolerated. They reported their findings recently in the journal Science Advances.
We were surprised to find that during embryonic development, the proteome of the hybrid offspring has more complexity and more proteins than what would be found in both parent species combined, says Casimir Bamberger, PhD, a TSRI research associate and the study's first author. It showed us that the proteome harbors a plasticity during development that is later lost in adulthood. This increased plasticity of the proteome during development might provide additional space for rapid phenotypic variation when organisms evolve.
The investigators used a technique called bottom-up proteomics (sometimes called shotgun proteomics) to reveal which proteins of each species were present in the hybrid flies. In this process, proteins are digested into smaller peptides, and those peptides are analyzed with mass spectrometry (MS), which measures masses of molecules within a sample. Because masses differ between peptides from either species, researchers were able to trace back the proportion of proteins that each species' genome contributed to the proteome in hybrids.
MS is the only large-scale method to study whole proteomes, says John Yates III, PhD, a professor in TSRI's Department of Chemical Physiology and the study's senior author.
His lab is focused on the development and application of MS-based proteomics techniques to answer a wide range of biological questions. We can use this technology to both identify and quantify thousands of proteins in a sample at the same time, he adds.
In the study, the researchers cross-bred two species of fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans. Fruit flies are popular models for studying genes and proteins because they are well understood and relatively easy to manipulate in the lab. The proteins from the hybrids and the two parents were labeled with different isotopes so the scientists could determine which proteins in the offspring differed in its amount from the parent.
The investigators found that during early development, the flies expressed new proteins not detected in either of the parental species during the same point in their development. However, the number of proteins was reduced in the surviving adults. This provided researchers with new details about the function of the proteostasis network a regulatory system within cells that coordinates how proteins are synthesized, folded, modified and degraded, among other roles.
We found that in these developing hybrids, the increase in proteome complexity was accompanied by an upregulation of the proteostasis network, which means it was more active than usual, Bamberger explains. This is because it's busy removing proteins that it recognizes as not being in place. But on the other hand, the proteostasis network might also be contributing to how new and additional proteins are stabilized and thereby sustained within the organism.
Bamberger says that by studying the proteostasis network and how proteins interact with each other, the team can begin to understand why certain proteins are maintained in the proteome despite their malfunction, for example, in conditions like cancer or neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease. Understanding these interactions could one day lead to novel approaches for treating some diseases.
Gaining more insight into the fundamental principles that govern protein-protein interactions on a large scale might help us understand how species accomplish rapid phenotypic variation or how diseased cells keep a proteome up and running with increasingly mutated proteins, Bamberger explains.
Yates added that the study was also a useful tool for understanding animal breeding. It shows us how much genetic change prevents species from successfully mating and what is happening at the protein level when that does occur, he says.
Other authors of the study, Increased proteomic complexity in Drosophila hybrids during development, were Salvador Mart nez-Bartolom and Miranda Montgomery of The Scripps Research Institute and Mathieu Lavall e-Adam of the University of Ottawa.
The study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (grants 5R01HL079442-08, P01AG031097, P41GM103533 and HHSN268201000035C). It was also supported by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery Grant and a postdoctoral fellowship from Fonds de Recherche du Qu bec-Nature et Technologies.
Molecular Medicine Yates, John
Most recent headlines
04/08/2024
Dalet, a leading technology and service provider for media-rich organizations, is excited to announce Santiago Solanas as its new Chief Executive Officer (CEO)....
03/06/2024
Dalet, a leading technology and service provider for media-rich organizations, a...
07/05/2024
PORTSMOUTH, N.H. New findings from Hub Entertainment Research provides extensive data showing that the majority of consumers will opt for lower cost ad-supporte...
07/05/2024
NEW YORK The Library of American Broadcasting Foundation (LABF) has announced th...
07/05/2024
CBS News has named Lindsey Reiser an anchor and correspondent for CBS News 24/7, the network's live, streaming news service. Reiser, who was most recently a...
07/05/2024
NEEDHAM, Mass. After more than two years of decline, worldwide tablet shipments posted modest year-over-year growth of 0.5% in the first quarter of 2024 (1Q24),...
07/05/2024
ESPN is reporting that April was a record-setting month as the network delivered its best April prime time audience on record, dating back more than 30 years....
07/05/2024
WASHINGTON, D.C. The National Association of Broadcasters (NAB) has announced that Kirsten Donaldson has joined NAB as vice president of public policy. Donaldso...
07/05/2024
The Bulls are back home again this week from May 7-12! Don't miss out on any...
06/05/2024
By Ilyse McKimmie
Now, more than ever
That's a phrase so often used in the last few years that I've come to dread seeing it in notes like this one. A...
06/05/2024
alt= class=wp-image-12099 data-lazy-src=/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Blog-Exabyte-Storage-Demand-960x540-1.jpg/> Demand for storage solutions has reached unprece...
06/05/2024
Around the world, Asian and Pacific Islander (API) artists continue to impact mu...
06/05/2024
Spotify is making it easier for booklovers to count down the days, hours, minutes, and seconds until a new audiobook releases. With Countdown Pages for audioboo...
06/05/2024
Get Ready to join Dan Hong as he hits the streets in his ultimate culinary journ...
06/05/2024
In this video, cinematographer Simon Rowling welcomes viewers behind the scenes as he lights a daytime-interior scene inside a coffee shop. Shooting on Panavisi...
06/05/2024
L3Harris is well positioned to support the complex and multifaceted nature of special operations forces in all domains through our agile and responsive technolo...
06/05/2024
OAKVILLE, Ontario As part of Emergency Preparedness Week, Alert Ready, Canadas national public alerting system, will be distributing a test alert to Canadians i...
06/05/2024
NEW ROCHELLE, N.Y. Horowitz Research has released a new study on the viewing and media habits of U.S. Hispanic/Latine audiences that shows a dramatic decline in...
06/05/2024
RE:Vision Effects Autograph 2024.4 released! 50% Off Through May 9th
Brie Clayton May 6, 2024
0 Comments
New game-changing motion graphics & VFX featu...
06/05/2024
NBC has renewed Night Court for a third season. The courtroom comedy was on the network from 1984 to 1992, and NBC rebooted it in early 2023....
06/05/2024
ABC has revealed its summer schedule. The Bachelorette gets going Monday, July 8, with Jenn Tran the star in season 21. Celebrity Family Feud starts up Tuesday,...
06/05/2024
It's almost go-time for the Holly Springs Salamanders! The season opener is ...
06/05/2024
Tonight on Skeem Saam: Kobus busts Pretty in a compromising positionDon't miss Monday, 6 May's riveting episode of South African soapie Skeem Saam on SA...
06/05/2024
Tonight on House of Zwide: Bra Zakes and Sphamandla agree to leave Tembisa and n...
06/05/2024
RT has announced details of its coverage across digital, TV and Radio in the ru...
06/05/2024
For years, radio stations have used on-premises servers to broadcast content and manage automation, traffic, and billing systems. As technology continues to adv...
06/05/2024
06 May 2024
AI and Big Data Take the Centre Stage in Central Asia at Beetech 20...
06/05/2024
FIRST LOOK AT JIM PARSONS & MAYIM BIALIK REPRISING THEIR ROLES FROM THE BIG BAN...
06/05/2024
NBC Sports and Churchill Downs Extend Historic Partnership, Kentucky Derby to Be...
06/05/2024
Beverly Hills Aerials, LIV Golf Make Australian-Broadcast History by Flying Live...
06/05/2024
Back to All News
Watch the Trailer for A Part of You - Felicia Maxime, Edvin Ry...
06/05/2024
Leadership in 12G-SDI for low impact migration to 4k production...
06/05/2024
Press release - 6 May 2024 07:31
STATEMENT CONCERNING EUTELSAT GROUP'S GROUND NETWORK Facebook
LinkedIn
Twitter
Download as PDF
Paris, 06 May 2024 ...
06/05/2024
Tyngsboro, Mass. - May 6, 2024 - Join us at InfoComm 2024 to experience the latest advancements in live production technology. From June 12-14, 2024, at the Las...
06/05/2024
To champion global movements to protect and advance equality for LGBTQ+ communities, Apple is introducing a new Apple Watch Pride Edition Braided Solo Loop, ava...
06/05/2024
Actress Matseliso Mohale has joined Muvhango'Talented actress Matseliso Mohale has joined SABC2's soapie Muvhango' as Vhangani's lover and a c...
06/05/2024
Tonight on Smoke and Mirrors: Leroy refuses to give up fighting to bury MthethoDon't miss Monday, 6 May's riveting episode of South African soapie Smoke...
06/05/2024
Intrinsic, a software and AI robotics company at Alphabet, has integrated NVIDIA AI and Isaac platform technologies to advance the complex field of autonomous r...
06/05/2024
Cybersecurity experts at the RSA Conference this week will be on the hunt for ways to secure their operations in the era of generative AI.
They'll find man...
06/05/2024
1) What is the rationale of the transaction? What is the benefit for SES shareholders?
This combination creates a stronger and more competitive multi-orbit ope...
05/05/2024
A special evening performance by multiplatinum singer Becky G will provide a memorable conclusion to TeievisaUnivision's Casa Cultura upfront event on May 1...
05/05/2024
Giant media buyer Publicis is telling network sales executives that it does not think Nielsen's new panel-plus-big-data currency is ready for this upfront....
05/05/2024
WASHINGTON Glenn Kirschner, legal analyst at NBC News, blasted the media for referring to the New York trial of former President Donald Trump as a hush-money ...
05/05/2024
Catchy Comedy's weekend marathon sees The Beverly Hillbillies on the weekend of May 4-5. The event kicks off Saturday, May 4 at 11 a.m. ET, and runs through...
05/05/2024
NBC Sports has the 150th Kentucky Derby Saturday, May 4. The coverage begins at 2:30 p.m. ET on NBC and Peacock and the feature race at Churchill Downs in Louis...
05/05/2024
Back to All News
Netflix Announces New Comedy Series Roosters, Starring Jeroen ...
05/05/2024
Back to All News
Showdown Alert: Baki Hanma VS Kengan Ashura' Drops Electr...
04/05/2024
NEW YORK As the Asian Pacific American Heritage Month kicks off in May, Nielsen has released an extensive new report diving into their media habits with data sh...
04/05/2024
PHILADELPHIA As National Military Appreciation Month gets underway, Comcast has announced several new initiatives to help veterans, service members, and their f...
Cross-bred flies reveal new clues about how proteins are regulated Scientists are finding new clues about how proteins interact with each other
