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Dentro de la mente de un pirata - Parte 2: Cmo funciona el ecosistema pirata

14/06/2023

Si le ste la primera parte de esta serie de blogs, sabr que NAGRA entrevist recientemente a un pirata para conocer de primera mano las motivaciones, m todos y resultados de la actividad pirata. Si te perdiste la primera parte, en la que explor la motivaci n humana de un pirata, puedes ponerte al d a aqu .

El enemigo oculto a plena vista

El panorama actual del streaming de v deo est muy fragmentado. Existen m ltiples servicios que ofrecen contenidos espec ficos y si buscas un g nero concreto de contenidos, por nicho que sea, hay un servicio para ti. Sin embargo, esta mayor competencia entre proveedores de servicios no es el fin de la historia. Los consumidores, en apuros, tambi n se abastecen de sus contenidos favoritos a trav s de servicios piratas, lo que significa que los servicios leg timos compiten contra sus enemigos piratas.

Durante la era de las tarjetas inteligentes, y ante a la compleja criptograf a basada en hardware, la pirater a era t cnicamente compleja, aunque, como se ala el pirata, los gastos generales eran bajos. Un simple script hac a el trabajo y cuando del proveedor implementaba una contramedida, se hac a necesario actualizar el mismo script. En la era de la IPTV y el streaming, la situaci n es distinta.

Los piratas son ahora expertos en software y tienen mayores gastos generales, estimados en un 30% de sus ingresos. Adem s, sabemos que tienen sus propios centros de datos, dif ciles de encontrar, con la capacidad de gestionar el tr fico ilegal que se dirige a trav s de ellos. A nivel t cnico, la industria pirata cuenta con un elenco de colaboradores que rivaliza con el de los contenidos premium que buscan. Al principio acceder a los contenidos era un ejercicio t cnico. El pirata nos contaba: He pensado que puedo escribir c digo web, puedo modificar ese script y voy a tener mi propio sitio web. Posteriormente, la red pirata media se ha ido ampliando y cuenta con profesionales en los mbitos empresarial, t cnico y de marketing para crear servicios muy realistas que atraen a los consumidores con la promesa de precios bajos y niveles infinitos de contenidos.

Si no soportas la presi n...

Las empresas piratas actuales pueden tener tama os enormes. A menudo comienzan como un simple sitio web con unos 1.000 suscriptores y pueden llegar a convertirse en grandes organizaciones. Crecen por medio de la sindicaci n de servicios (por un porcentaje de los ingresos) a revendedores que, a su vez, venden a m s suscriptores. Esto significa que una sola empresa pirata puede dar soporte r pidamente a decenas de miles de abonados. Cuando esto se ampl a a n m s, algunas de las mayores organizaciones piratas dan soporte a millones de abonados mediante el mismo modelo. Sin embargo, el pirata se apresura a se alar que con el aumento de tama o llegan las presiones, tanto financieras como legales. Dicho de otro modo, cuanto mayor es la empresa pirata, m s cuesta gestionarla y m s se fijar n en ella las organizaciones antipirater a que representan a una industria decidida a poner fin a esta actividad ilegal. El xito, nos dice el pirata, depende del nivel de presi n que puedas soportar. Menciona que hubo grandes organizaciones piratas de IPTV con organizaciones de marketing consolidadas que simplemente colapsaron al no poder soportar la presi n externa de la industria. Eso es una buena noticia para el sector porque demuestra que las t cnicas de disuasi n e investigaci n dan resultados. Pero, qu pasa con los proveedores m s peque os que quiz operan bajo el radar?

El tipo de la peluquer a

Si los abonados no contratan servicios piratas por Internet, lo m s probable es que los adquieran en establecimientos locales, como peluquer as o tiendas de barrio. Los piratas crean redes de distribuci n que se basan en un marketing eficaz y los revendedores suelen tener escasos conocimientos t cnicos. Esto se hace a prop sito, ya que, si la parte de marketing de la operaci n se cierra, las operaciones t cnicas pueden relanzarse en otro lugar. Esto significa que una barber a o una tienda de barrio puede vender varios servicios piratas y adaptarse r pidamente en caso de ser necesario. Un ejemplo es la operaci n KboxServ en Suiza, que vend a decodificadores a 160 d lares en tiendas minoristas y fue cerrada con xito gracias a una operaci n de Canal+ y NAGRA.

Modelos de negocio pirata

En general, los piratas ganan dinero vendiendo ofertas demasiado buenas para ser ciertas con fines il citos. Sin embargo, dentro de la econom a pirata hay una multitud de modelos de negocio que dependen de la motivaci n del pirata. Algunos son expertos en un grupo concreto de canales y se comprometen a mantenerlos siempre al aire. Algunos se dedican a revender a otros y se llevan un porcentaje de los ingresos de los revendedores. Otros est n al frente del servicio pirata con sitios web muy funcionales que incluso pueden incluir opciones de asistencia al abonado. Tambi n est n aquellos que mezclan la ciberdelincuencia con la pirater a. En este caso, como parte de la habilitaci n del servicio para el abonado, tambi n despliegan malware oculto en dispositivos que extraen informaci n financiera y de identidad que luego se comercializa en la dark web. Tambi n preguntamos si, debido a la multiplicidad de enfoques, los piratas compet an entre ellos. Lo hacen, y nos sorprendi saber que esto tambi n incluye la pirater a de contenidos pirata, que en la era del streaming es mucho m s com n que en la era de las tarjetas inteligentes, en gran parte debido a lo accesibles que son los contenidos. Cada uno de estos enfoques demuestra la magnitud del ecosistema pirata que pretende da ar nuestra industria. En otras palabras, los servicios que se anuncian en Internet son la punta del iceberg pirata.

Investigaciones basadas en la inteligencia

Al analizar las motivaciones y el ecosistema de un pirata queda claro que la disuasi n qu
LINK: https://dtv.nagra.com/dentro-de-la-mente-de-un-pirata-parte-2-como-fun...
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