
The r & d lose weight in the General State budget La inversi n dedicada a I D i en los Presupuestos del Estado crece menos que el PIB o el IPC, privilegiando el pr stamo frente a la subvenci n, en contra de las preferencias de la industria.
Atendiendo a las cifras de la Pol tica de Gasto 46 de Investigaci n, Desarrollo e Innovaci n publicadas en el Plan de Presupuestos Generales del Estado 2017, el presupuesto total ha aumentado un total de 71,4 millones de euros, de los 6.429,6 de 2016 a los 6501 millones de 2017, lo que supone una variaci n del 1,11%. Este incremento, a juicio de la Asociaci n de Empresas de Electr nica, Tecnolog as de la Informaci n, Telecomunicaciones y Contenidos Digitales (AMETIC) est lejos de la cifra destacada oficialmente como titular sobre I D i en los Presupuestos que anuncia un incremento del 4,1%.
Este incremento del 1,11% se sit a por debajo de cifras como el crecimiento esperado del PIB (2,5%) o la tasa de inflaci n que maneja el Gobierno para 2017 (1,5%), lo que se traduce en que los Presupuestos de 2017 suponen un retroceso de la I D i con respecto a 2016 y una falta de apuesta por la innovaci n en unos presupuestos expansivos. El escenario actual de recuperaci n econ mica es una oportunidad que no se deber a perder para apoyar la I D i de forma m s decidida.
Particularizando en el gasto en I D i civil, que supone aproximadamente el 90% del total del gasto en I D i, aumenta de los 5.793 M de 2016 a los 6.029 millones presupuestados para 2017. Esta variaci n s corresponde con el incremento del 4,1% anunciado. La partida de I D i civil a su vez se desglosa en dos partes, una dedicada a subvenci n y otra a pr stamo, de 2.446 millones y 3.583 millones respectivamente. La partida de subvenci n se ha visto reducida un 2,6% respecto a 2016 y el pr stamo incrementado un 9,2%.
Precisamente las ayudas en forma de subvenci n son las mejor valoradas por las empresas, mientras que los instrumentos de ayudas a la I D i en forma de pr stamo por lo general no son lo suficientemente atractivos, tienen dificultades para atraer proyectos y presentan un porcentaje de ejecuci n presupuestaria preocupantemente bajo. Este balanceo cada vez m s acusado hacia el pr stamo resulta alarmante ya que complica el dise o de unos instrumentos de ayudas p blicas a la I D i que realmente sean capaces de canalizar y potenciar el conocimiento, la capacidad y la voluntad de innovar de la industria espa ola.
A juicio de la patronal del sector los presupuestos de beneficios fiscales para el a o 2017 tampoco traen buenas noticias: el concepto de deducciones por actividades de Investigaci n, Desarrollo e Innovaci n Tecnol gica, valorado tambi n de forma muy positiva para las empresas y que se ha convertido en un complemento casi imprescindible para abordar proyectos, se recorta a la mitad -un 49,8%- con respecto a 2016 .
La falta de apuesta por la innovaci n y la insistencia en privilegiar el pr stamo a costa de las subvenciones a la I D i no permiten valorar positivamente estos presupuestos desde AMETIC dado que reflejan que, en un momento de recuperaci n, y a diferencia de los pa ses m s avanzados, la innovaci n no se sit a entre las prioridades para afirmar la competitividad del pa s y la continuidad del crecimiento , se alan desde la asociaci n.
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