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Uma tecnologia apenas no evita que a pirataria acontea

07/12/2021

Uma tecnologia apenas n o evita que a pirataria aconte a

Ainda em 2011, a NAGRA montava seu primeiro laborat rio de investiga o e combate pirataria. Inicialmente, isso foi feito de forma muito t mida, analisando f runs e informa es que vinham de decodificadores piratas e eram adquiridos pela empresa. Cada dispositivo era verificado para entender como o software se comunicava ou n o com a rede, buscando desvendar a informa o pirata que estava ali. Rapidamente, esses laborat rios expandiram, e hoje n s temos um centro de trabalho no Brasil, e unidades em Denver e em Madrid.

Em paralelo, e de forma exponencial, a pirataria tamb m aumentou e a prolifera o do OTT significou mais fluxos, mais redes e mais dispositivos conectados. N s acompanhamos toda essa tecnologia utilizada pelos piratas de distribui o e de capta o de v deo. Parte do nosso desenvolvimento em digital television e distribui o de v deo broadcast e streaming fruto da evolu o desse monitoramento ativo e do entendimento de que a pirataria n o um caminho linear a ser protegido. Pelo contr rio, um labirinto com v rios pontos de ataque para os piratas explorarem e que demanda uma abordagem abrangente de prote o de conte do e servi o.

Hoje, a NAGRA tem um produto de criptografia, que o core da empresa, e um leque de solu es dentro da TV digital, com plataformas, players, seguran a, desde controle de acesso condicional, DRM, e DRM propriet rio - que utilizado em situa es em que o chipset de controle da NAGRA para poder fazer hardware root of trust (n vel mais avan ado de seguran a) - a multi DRM, um sistema que gerencia DRMs de mercado, para uso em plataformas abertas.

Todo esse ferramental, mesmo encriptado de ponta a ponta, e de formas diferentes - controle de acesso condicional para o que broadcast e DRM e multi DRM para tudo que streaming - muitas vezes, n o suficiente para combater totalmente a pirataria. Isso porque em toda a cadeia produtiva do ciclo de vida de um v deo, seja um conte do ao vivo ou gravado para ser reproduzido depois, h fragilidades ou a possibilidade de um pirata subtrair o conte do. E na grande maioria das vezes, os piratas roubam o sinal na ltima milha, a fim de conseguir de uma vez todo o valor agregado daquele sinal.

Da a import ncia de elevar o n vel de prote o na cadeia de distribui o de ponta a ponta e combin -la com ferramentas como as fornecidas pela abordagem Active Streaming Protection, da NAGRA, que inclui servi os antipirataria e permitem a identifica o de roubo de conte do e rastreamento de fonte associado, para as a es e corre es necess rias.

curioso dizer isso, mas existe concorr ncia entre os piratas: o pirata que oferece um jogo que ele conseguiu roubar na c mera em que est sendo gravado ter o conte do dessa c mera apenas, sem a narra o. A atratividade desse pirata, certamente, vai ser menor do que a do pirata que roubou l na frente, depois do t nel ou do HDMI. A l gica de cortar o caminho que, em algum momento, tudo o que foi encriptado precisar ser desencriptado. E, enquanto n o tivermos um chip ou SIM card acoplado em nosso c rebro, para conseguir ver e ouvir o conte do, ser preciso desencript -lo.

Atualmente, para resolver esse tipo de problema, a melhor ferramenta t cnica que existe a marca d'agua. Ela pode vir em v deo, em udio, aud vel ou inaud vel, visual ou n o visual. A NAGRA trabalha com marcas d' gua na fase de pr -produ o, produ o, p s-produ o, distribui o para a cadeia cinem tica, distribui o dentro da packetiza o em empresas que concentram sinais, como operadoras de TV por assinatura. Se o pirata rouba l na ponta, n o adianta saber apenas o que o superagregador recebeu, preciso ter essa extens o at o consumidor final. Pela marca d' gua, poss vel fazer esse reconhecimento, por isso ela a melhor ferramenta t cnica para verificar onde h vazamento nos dias de hoje.

A ind stria vem se alinhando com diferentes grupos e participantes para fazer sua parte para proteger conte do valioso. Isso inclui a implanta o da abordagem correta de Active Streaming Protection em toda a cadeia de valor e pode come ar com a necessidade de mostrar conformidade por meio de solu es como marca d gua forense ou multi-DRM. Ao mesmo tempo, uma plataforma de seguran a centralizada capaz de garantir um conjunto completo de recursos em redes de broadcast e IP que podem proteger contra v rias amea as.

Al m dessas alternativas, a tecnologia pode ser til tamb m para o acesso via judicial. N s percebemos que quando convid vamos associa es e empresas para visitar nossos laborat rios, eles tinham interesse em usufruir do laborat rio de alguma forma e comentavam sobre as suas necessidades. N s formatamos servi os de monitoria ativa para identificar marcas d' gua e conseguir encontrar vazamentos, mas pelo trabalho de investiga o conseguimos muito mais do que isso: um verdadeiro raio-x dentro da pirataria. Passamos a conhecer como os piratas se organizam, como monetizam, como se preparam para chegar no mercado. N o uma estrutura simples, de garagem, nem o cabelud o - estere tipo do hacker - quem est frente do roubo de conte do autoral. Na pirataria existem especializa es: pessoas que s trabalham roubando sinal, outras que s trabalham condensando o sinal roubado, criando sistemas de informa o para trabalhar com esse sinal, equipes de botnet, de marketing digital, tr fego, SEO, front-end de sites e de apps.

Nos laborat rios, n s coletamos evid ncias que s o utilizadas por associa es de forma judicial. Cada pa s, em termos jur dicos, tem o seu fluxo, a sua regra. No Brasil, por exemplo, n s precisamos passar pelo Minist rio da Justi a para qualquer a o legal, como o de fazer o tier down quando certa a exist ncia de um mini head end pirata ou para bloqueios de IP ou bloqueios de DNS. O trabalho rduo, minucio
LINK: https://dtv.nagra.com/uma-tecnologia-apenas-nao-evita-que-pirataria-ac...
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